Varnishing process.



No. 770,732. Patented September 27, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATEN OFFICE.

THEODORE ANDERSON, JR, OF MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE MURPHY VARNISH COMPANY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

VARNISHING PROCESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,732, dated September 27, 1904. Application filed November 19,1903. Serial No. 181,827. (No specimens.)

T all whom it y COW/067%: support a second coat without running, said Be it known that I, THEODORE P. ANDER- second coat is applied. When the second coat o SON, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residis applied before the first coat has become ing at Mount Vernon, county of Westchester, dry, the material of the two coats blends to- 5 State of New York, have invented certain new gether and coheres and becomes practically a and useful Improvements in varnishing Procsingle coat of a double thickness rather than esses, of which the following is a full, clear, two superimposed separate layers. By this and exact description. new method there is no line or plane of demar- My invention relates to a new and useful cation between each layer, and hence checking IO process for applying varnish-like material to and scaling is practically avoided.

the surface of bodies to be highly finished. The preferred method of practicing my My invention has particular utility in conprocess consists in applying a first coat irf6o nection with finishing piano-cases, cars, wagwhich the proportion of varnish relatively to ons, and other bodies to the surface of which the thinning agent employed is greater than 15 it is desired to impart a high polish. in successive coatsyalthou'gh this is not essen- Broadly speaking, the process consists in tial. In practice I have formed the first coat applying several coats of varnish-like mateof three-fourths varnish and one-fourth thinrial to the surface to be treated, each succes ner. This coath as been allowed to stand for sive coat being applied before the underlying a day, during which time I have found it set 20 coat is dry, and finally allowing. the entire sufficiently to receive and support a second ass-mi thoroughly before rubbing. coat without becoming softened to a sufficient extent to run. The second coat has been 7 Heretofore it has been the universal custom in applying varnish to allow each layer to formed of one-half varnish and one-halfthinner. In the third coat I have still further thoroughly dry before another coat is applied.

5 As a consequence and because it takes sevlessened the quantity of varnish relatively to eral days for a single coat to thoroughly dry thinner, and so on. Each coat I have permitted to stand for a day. As a result, I

the same is exposed to dust for a longer pehave been enabled to apply four or more coats riod for a given number of coats than is the case where my improved process is availed of. in the same length of time that it ordinarily requires one coat to dry. As a result of this 3 The result is the varnished body when finally dry contains more foreign particles than where expeditious application of the varnish-like material, I have not only eliminated the danmy process is resorted to. Furthermore, when each coat is applied the application of the ger of dust becoming attached to the varnish in such a quantity as by the old process, but

successive coat merely provides a superim- 35 posed layer entirely, distinct from the under- I have made it possible to regulate more systematically the work in a large factory where lying layer and attached thereto merely by adhesion. As aresult, whenvarnishis applied many pieces are being finished. I have also 5 found that by this new process the more in the old way checking or scaling frequently speedy evaporation and drying of the underresults not only after the article has been in 4 use for some time, but even during the rublying coats is efiected than would be the case were each coat allowed to dry hard before a hing-down process. By the use of my method second or third coat is applied.

the danger of checking or peeling from this cause is avoided, since the entire coating is Another advantage due to the use of my process results in getting a more uniform practically one homogeneous layer. 45 In practicing my process a first coat is apcoating, since the application of a second coat before its underlying coat is dry tends to level plied and allowed to stand for a sufficient time to partially set, but not to dry hard. the underlying coat should any portion of it be thicker than any other portion.

When this coat is set to a sufiicient extent to To sum up, by my process a finished surincidental to the old process, and therefore face may be expeditiously and economically there is no necessity for afloW-coat. The fine- 5 produced, and said finished surface is superubbing, rotten-stoning, and polishing may rior in point of durability and appearance to follow the rough-rubbing immediately, thus 5 the finished surface produced by the methods resulting in a further substantial saving.

heretofore availed of. What I claim is Bythe old processas applied, for example, The method of finishing surfaces 'compris- 3 'to p'iano-finishing-a series of coats are aping applying thereto a plurality of coats of plied to the surface to be finished, each of varnish each coat being applied before the un- Io which is allowed to dry hard, so that each derlying coat has dried, asufiicient period incoat forms a distinctlayer. The surface is then tervening between the application of separate rough-rubbed, usually with pumice-stone. coats to allow the underlying coat to set to a 35 This rough-rubbing cuts through one or more sufficient extent to support said superimposed layers of varnish, and as a consequence the coat Without running, and finally rubbing and I5 surfaceappears mottled. To cure this, itis necpolishing the surface of said varnish after the essary to apply what is termed a flow-coat. entire mass has become dried.

When this flow-coat has hardened, the same Signed at New York, N. Y., this 18th day 4 is fine-rubbed, rotten-stoned, and polished. of November, 1903.

By the use of my process as applied to 20 piano-finishing the body of the varnish is THEODORE ANDERSON homogeneous, there being no plurality of dis- Witnesses: tinct layers. The result is that the rough- R. C. MITCHELL, rubbing does not produce the mottled effect L. VREELAND. 

